Enerji ve Çevre Dünyası 117. Sayı (Nisan 2015)

PRE-RELEASE I TURKEY POWER 2015 administration, including providing capital commitments and guar antees as well as detailed engineering studies." To some, especially early participants in the market, this may come as a surprise. Famously, in 2007, during TEİAŞ' first wind license tender, the country received over 75 gW of license applications in one day, owing to few limitations imposed on license applicants, the result of which was what many in the industry have come to refer to as a Gregorian knot of investments. Though many projects received licenses, ali but a few of these projects were unfeasible. Consequently, many license winners, unable to re ceive project financing, were forced to return their licenses. �- While in response to this, EMRA, Turkey's en- ergy market regulator, has developed a stringent pre-licensing application process, with over600 applications it is unclear how many of these project's the industry may see materialize. However, should the country's wind tender process resemble the recent solar license auction, participants will be aided by a feed-in tariff structure which will grant $73/mWh. Of additional benefitto some, wind power projects devel oped using locally manufactured towers and blades will be eligible for an additional feed-in tariff, which would bring the market price of their energy to $87/mWh. GEOTHERMAL Representing a far smaller portion ofTurkey's energy matr ix than wind or even solar, geothermal energy is a new frontier for Turkish energy, a frontier that could, within the coming eight years, come to play a greater role in power generation than previously anticipated. This is rooted in both Turkey's stili fledgling potential forthese projects and the introduction of new technology which will enable Turkish energy generators to better use existing resources. Though geothermal energy exploration first began in Turkey in the 1960s, the country's first geothermal facility, the Kızıldere Geothermal Power Plant, entered into generation in the 1980s. Today owned by Zorlu Energy, one of Turkey's largest generators, which, in the next three years will grow its total energy portfolio to include l,600mW of installed capacity, the Kızıldere Geothermal Power Plant, the largest of the country's two operating geothermal energy production plants, . , .. . ,,,,, . . ,, currently produces 95mW of energy. Commissioned in 2013, the Gümüşköy Geothermal Power Plant is Turkey's second geothermal generationfacilityand is owned by BM Geothermal Power, a subsidiary of BM Holding, and has total installed generation capacity of 13.2mW divided between two units. Possessing by some estimates as much as much as 4.SgW of theoretical potential, geothermal in Turkey, and interest in it, is on the rise. Joseph Bonafin, sales manager for geothermal ap- plication at Turboden, a pioneer in the field of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technology which enables its user to exploit otherwise unusable geothermal and steam resources, said: "Recently we have noticed a sharp increase in interest in the development of larger scale geothermal projects using ORC technology in Turkey, marked by the entrance of outside investors from even very well established energy markets such as the United States. This, ı believe, is attributable to the maturation of the Turkish market for geothermal. Today we believe that Turkey has strong poten tial for geothermal energy: scientifically speaking, thousands of mWs. The ability of the country to transform this potential into generation, however, will be checked by both the resources available domestically and the readiness of the market. For these reasons we expect that by 2020 we will see 1,500 MW of geothermal energy realized, both from traditional flash processes and ORC cycles. We expect annualized growth of 200 MW." Among those to invest in the development of geothermal energy in clude Zorlu Energy. Sinan Ak, general manager of Zorlu Energy, explained: "in 2012 Zorlu Energy embarked on a new investment regime. in the last two years this has resulted in two projects: a wind project in Pakistan and a geothermal project in Turkey. Within the next two to three years, we would like to expand production of renewable energy every year by 100-150MW, raisingtotal production capacity to over300 MW for geothermal, 250 MW for wind and 250 MW for hydro, and total production for Zorlu Energy, including both domestic and internation al sites, to 1600 MW, with over800 MWof renewable capacity in Turkey." Should others aside from Zorlu begin to eye these projects, Turkey could see geothermal energy production play a far greater role in domestic energy production than previously expected. Geothermal power plant. Turkey anticipates generating 600mW of geothermal energy by 2023. Photo courtesy of Zorlu Energy. G Global Business Reports 1 , • ;,. ı , e, /.ı ı ,ı - ; •i•'! : ı [, •

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