� Dr. ING. HINRICH MOHR B+V INDUSTRIETECHNIK tf Wüfı\Jf!ıMW�l 'W�l\W Co eneratimı, Waste r«overt , 1{enıwa&(es 8t On•site 8:enetati.ôro Table 1 Characteristic values of BVl's dual-fuel engines Manufacturer: B+V lndustrietechnik GmbH (License S.E.M.T. Pielstick) Dual-Fueı Engine Engine Bore Stroke Engines Speed Type [mm) 1 [mm] [rpm) [kW] *) 12 PC 2-5V DFC 500 441 _J _:_ t 460 14 PC 2-5V DFC t + - C 16 PC 2-5V DFC 18 PC 2-5V DFC 12 PC 2-5V DFS 480 14 PC 2-5V DFS 16 PC 2-5V DFS 18 PC 2-5V DFS electric.0utput [kW] **) electr./therm. l therm. Efficiency Output [%] [kW] 5,140 7 _:46 5,520 5,990 6,440 6,850 7,360 1 --- 7,700 8,280 5,590 _ ı 42 / 46 6,100 6,520 7,210 7,450 r 8,140 8,380 9,150 Engine Type PC 2-5 V DFC: 0peration with Natural Gas, LCV-/Special-Gases and Diesel Fuel Engine Type PC 2-5 V DFS: 0peration with Natural Gas and Diesel Fuel, HF0-0peration possible *) Operation with Natural Gas **) with Generator Etticiency of 0,97 These engines are normally equipped with a turbo-charger and a subsequent charge-air respectively charge-mixture cooling system. The processing of the air and gas mixture is effected in the centrally installed carburettors, which are usually located in front of the turbocharger's compressor to operate on a low fuel gas pressure level with more than 40 mbar (g). For operating on a medium fuel gas pressure level with approximately 4 bar (g), the carburettors are located behind the charge-air-cooler. The PC 2-5 V DFS engine type utilizes natural gas and Diesel fuel. it is equipped with electronically controlled fuel gas admission valves that are installed at the inlet of each cylinder. This allows a high cylinder output as well as effective pressure combined with good efficiency values. in both engine types the control of the air/fuel ratio is carried out by an adjustable bypass tor recirculating air or gas/air-mixture from the compressor outlet to its suction side. Smaller engines, like those based on truck engines, are normally using efficiency decreasing air throttles, placed directly in the suction system. in gas mode, BVl's bypass recirculation system allows persistently good efficiency values at any engine load from 30 percent to 100 percent, regardless of the actual gas composition. For Diesel operation, the bypass is closed to supply the engine with the maximum air flow of the turbocharger. This leads to an equally optimized combustion process efficiency in Diesel mode. The gas/air-mixture is ignited with a small quantity of Diesel fuel, the so-called pilot injection, injected into the cylinders with the standard injection system tor Diesel operation. lts effect is equal to a spark delivered by an ignition system but, in advantage, the ignition energy supplied by pilot injection is many times higher. Modern ignition systems can deliver 1 30 mJ per spark, pilot injection contains more than 1 O kJ (respectively 1 07 mJ) of energy. Additionally, the pilot injection ignites the gas/air-mixture in a cone-shaped area caused several fuel sprays of the injection nozzles. A spark can ignite the mixture only in a very limited area around the electrodes of the spark plug, whereas the large amount of pilot injection energy ensures reliable ingnition even of very low calorific or indolent gases in spite of varying local air/fuel ratios. BVl's very special know-how is the utilization of a wide range of special and low-calorific-value (LCV) fuel gases besides standard natural gas. Additionally, different kinds of liquid fuels can be burned in these dual-fuel engines.The DFC-engine type has been specifically designed tor using special gases and LCV fuel E-COGENERATION WORLD & Reneable Energy ili_
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