DR. TUGRUL TURKMENOGLU ı:mınıımıırnm W,�j�l] FıLTRo Lrn. Co eneration, Wast� recove , 'R,enewa6f.ts 8r Qnı:-Site §�neration W at i onnd scyosntdeemnss ai st i on ne vper or cpeusr es .e sD uorf i nwga tt eh a e r t e in c r o u n n s a t e t in u d u r e i o n, u s g s t a l e y s a e e m s v a d g p i e s o nreartaion sc oolmv epso uf rnodms tf hr oema ttmh eo sepahr et hr'es ac rnuds to. tTh eh er cdoi smsmo l ov en dl y goacsceusr r ai nngd oletvheelrtch or omupgohuenxdtsercnaanl wb eatreermt roevaet md ef rnotm. t h e water to a certain ■ T rA o h u t e s t s h c e e a a c ti n a o i t n o h s n o s ad t e m t , o h n e v e eg a a t n o t o w iv d e a el r y d a s cn d h t a h f e r o g r a e m n d o f h e d y r e r d o t r u o o s x c y h o l y m io d b n ro i s n x e aid r w e e i t a f h o s r t m h P e e e r d f e. rreaction: Fe + 2 + 2 OH - ---,•- Fe(OH) 2 The ferrous hydroxide is rapidly oxidized to ferric hydroxide: Tc ohnet ae ixntse ri mn apl iuyr ittri ee as ttehda tbcoai l en rcfae uesdewcaotrerro ss ti oi l in and formation of deposits on the various part of the system, such as boiler tubes, super s mheeanttesr.s, economizers and condensing equipt Cm ra o e n r t r a s o f l e s te i r o , m n h p i a g e n h r d e a t r s u f c r u e a e s l l i n . c g T o h l n e e s a u rd e m s t p o u t l i r ! o e i n s d u t a u c n b e d e d h f h i a g e i h l ae t r umr ee ns t, ri necprl ea ac seemde mn t as i na tnedn al onscsee sc odsut se , t eo qf ur ei p tqi ou ne nutpssheut st dao nwdn r pe ed rui oc ed sd . wBoerski di negs l i tf heeopf rtoh de u c ienqc ur ei pams ee dn t ws , i tthh ec ol irar bo isl i ti oynt oarnadcscci dael en tfso ri sm aa ltsi oon damages in a stem generating plant. ti ni o nt hpi sl arnetpsoar trew ba rt ei erfsl yi ddei spcruosbsl eemd .sFi ni l mc of go er mn ei nrga at i omni an le ws aatse ratnr eaadt vmaennct emd eat l ht eordnsa tai vr ee tpor ecsoennvt ee nd . Typical problems on the water side surfaces Corrosion and scaling lead to reduced heat transfer, higher fuel consumption and higher metal temperatures. The result is tube failures, increased maintenance costs, equipment replacements and losses due to fTohr em f et hrer i cn oh yr md raol lxyi doeb si se rt vh eend dc oe hr ryodsri oo lny zper od dt o ucts of red rust and hydrated ferric oxide: 2 Fe (OH'3 ---- Fe (OH'3 FF ee 2O0( O3 H+ ) 3 + H H2 200 aTnhoedceofror or ms i oan fpi l rmo dounc tt sh ep rseucr fi pa ict aet eadn da tmt haey t ec h t o e r n a t p t a io o in n ro t o s ra f it y c th e o e s f m o th f e e o t a t f h i l l m e io r n w ss a h t l i t c h s r h . o D a u f e g fe p h c e i t t n s , d t t h i h n e e g c p o o e n r n rosion reactions will continue. 3. The Effect of Temperature on Corrosion Wr e ahcetni otnhse pt reomc peee rda taut rae hr i isgeh,etrh er act eo. r Tr ohsei odni f f u o es x i a o y s n g i ly e o f n a d n ri e d s a s a c o hl d v e e e s p d o t h ola e x r y i c z g a a e t t n h io o in s d i o c in f c s t r h u e e r a f a es c e le e d c . m t r T o o hr e e e tc h h r e e t em c m a ic t p h a e o l r d c a e e t uli i r s t e a i s n k , c e t r s h e ea p s l e a e v c d o e . l . u A M ti l o i o n tr h e o e o f s v e h e y p r d , r r a o o t c g e h e s ig n s h e a s t augment the incidence of corrosion. 1. Salts in Boiler Feed Water frequent shutdown 4. The Effect of pH on Corrosion By very low pH (pH<7.0) acidic boiler water Ti r oh ne , dci os sp op levre, da sl uaml t si n oi ufmc aal cnidu ms i ,l i cmaacganuessei us mf o, r - periods. wo raat et ra, hvyedr yr ohgi ge hn ep vHo l(uptHi o>n1 o2c) caul kr sa lai nt et hbeo mi l eer t a l mo paet ri oa nt i nogf dp er epsossui tr se. s , Wt hi teh mt hoed ien rcnr esat es ae mi n st yh se- toef mt hse bi me cpaumr i tei ems oi nr ef eceodmwp al etxe rasnhdotuhled ebfef e c t s kb neol own ng .s Bt oe st ihdee sh acradlecsi ut mc aat nedg omr yaogfn deespi uoms i, t sc oamn dp l ec xa ussi lei c agtreesa t insulation problems. 2. Corrosion To fhteh ep omt eent at i al sl ud ri fffaecr ee n, cc reesa, twe hei lcehc ter xo icsht ebme ti cwael ecne dl l si f. f ei nr ecnot nrteagci to n s wdisithsobluotilieonr woaf tireornth(e11)r.eaction occurs at the anode attended by Fe • Fe+2 + 2e - ■ sp uHr f laecvee l as n, di n aacdcdei tl ei or an tteos t ch oe r raobsoi ov ne ., Ac at uhsi gt i hc aa tl st aocck a, fuosaemd . i ni ng parnadc tci caer r, yt-hoev ebropi l er or bwl eamt esr ai sr e tuhseu ap rl i ey sms uari net aa ni nde dt ebmept we reaet un r ep Hat 9w, 0h iacnhdt h1 e1 .p0l adnet pi es nodpi en gr a ut epdo. n 5. The Effect of Dissolved Gases in Boiler Water wN oa tt ae rb, l ea raemcoanr bg otnh ed i goax si dees ,awn dh i co hx yagreenf. oOu nt hdedr igsas os el vse,ds ui nc bh oai lse, r ap rmo mc eosnsi ac , ohnyt da rmo ign ea nt i osnu. l fTi dhee adni sds co hl vl oe rdi noex, yogcecnu ri nmwo as tt el yr dc ua eu st eo s dEev peon l amr i iznai mt i oanl qaut at hn et i t ci east hoof ddei s as on ldv et hduos xeyngheannccaens ccaour rsoes ci oonr. r o - E-COGENERATl□tı WORLD & Reneable Energy ı1L
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