Tb he ea r itnhgi c konne st hse ahneda td be pa tl ah nocfecol of ut dh ec oevaer trh h. aTvhee aa rsgt ruomnegn t i s dt huact ewd hme na ksi nogl a ri t aecat si vi ei t ry ti os r i nt hcer esausne' sd , r ca lyosu dt o t roer amcaht i ot hne i s r e s u r f c o r raecl aet eo fwt iht he i en ac rr teha. sHi negn cger ohuingdh tseoml apre raact tui vr ei t .y Tshheosuel ds c i e n t i s t s ai mr gpuaec t s! h taht et heea rvt ah 'rsi act iloi mn ai tne cml ouucdhc omvoerre ( o! hn aanv et hr aegcea6r 5b opne rdci eo nx t ) cidheancgoenteinntcloimf tahtee ebaroruthg'shtaatbmooustpbhyeCreO. They suggest that the 2 t rSi oodmcea ns cbi een at i cs ct so ma tpt rl i isbhuet ed bt hye ccl ol i umda tvea rci ahta o io n v n g e e r i n a t o 3 1 -0 c 5 0 y c y yl e i e c a a a r r s l p s [ e o 1 l ] a ! r bacettiwvietyenw8h0icha nadp p9e0ayres awrsit,hthaen la1t1teyreiasrthceycsleo-acnaldlead cycle of Gh aesi s ss ibnecreg bceyecnl e i. nTah i sr i sci ny gc l ep hpaasses ,e wd hi ti sc hmci noiuml du, ma ci nc o1r9d 8i n0g at on d W ht haet es veesr ct iheen tci satuss, epsa rot fi agl llyo beaxl pwl aai nr mt hi neg ,c au rnr eanctt i vcel i maaptper ocahcahn g e . tt hh ae t ml i mo si tts pgr ur edeennht ocuosuer sgea os feamc itsi osni o. nTsh ii ss cr eognasrednesdu sb yi s mr ea fnl ey cat esd by the fact that 128 nations1) have signed the Kyoto Protocol. C02 Emissions and Trading t oM io n o n r C a e l l i t m t h re a a a t n e t y a C c d h a e a ll c n e a g d d e e t h ( U e ag N U o F n , C i m te C o d C s N ) t . c a T o ti h u o e n n t s l r o ie F n s g ra - s m t i e g e r n m w e od g r o a k a n C l i o o n n f t e v !h r e n i n s a t ion tgr reeaet yn,hwo uhsi ceh gtaoso keemfifsescitoinns .1 9i n9 41,9i9s 7t,ogsotvaebri lni zme eannt sd ar ge dr euecde t o eadrfdulthaendKlyeogtaollPy-robtoincdoilngtomtheeastrueraetsy.. Kyoto includes more powTUhndeeKrythoetoKPyroototoPcrooltocol, industrialized countries will reduce tpheer icr ecnot l l ce oc mt i vpea reemd i st os i ot hnes boef ngcrheme nahr ko uyseea rg a1 9s e9 s0 . bTy h aet gl eoaasl t i sf i vt oe il od we , emr oe vt hear anlel , enmi tirsosui osnos xoi df es, i xs ugl rpeheunr hhoeuxsaefl ug oa sr iedse-, cHaFr bCosn, adni odx 2P0F0C8s--20ca1l2cu1la. ted as an average over the five-year period of Commitments sa far defıned far !he period !rom 1990 (base year) ta 2012 New commitment discussions far 2"' per i od Te� t Period EU 1ı.ı commitmentl 2� Commitment 3.,,; commitment ? Emıssion Tradlng Period Period Period 2005 2008 2012 Year I. Time !iıte of CO1 ıradiıtg sclıemes. 2017 2020 N EU ational targets range broadly: eight percent reductions tor the 2) and other countries; seven percent tor the US; six percent tpoerr cJ ea npta tno; rzAe ur os ttroarl i aR ua sn sdi at e; na npde rpceernmt i tt toerdl ci necl ar enads. e s o f e i g h t t tF h h u e et u " a r c g e o r e m m e m a m n it e d m n a e t t o n o r t f y f pet e r a s r r ig o f e l d et s x s " i b a a i r l f i e t l y e e r o x 2 n p 0 e h 1 c o 2t w e . d T c a to r o g u e bn t t e s r i e e a s s r et c a a b b n l i i n s m d h i e e n d e g t t bo t u h r e t ir teamr gi sest si o. nFsotrher ox ua gmhp rl ee,focroeusnt at rtiieosn . mTahye yp amr tai ayl l yr ect oorme spte tnesrar itteo rti he es i r ARTICLE / MAKALE ipnr ot hj eeci rt so wt hna torrei snuol tt hi ne rGcHo Gu n trrei edsu. cTt ihoenys . mi na ya da dl siot i opna yt ot oermf oi srseiiognns P tlm r r a o p d t l i o e n c m g o , e l t -n w t t a o h t ei o o t C n h le e (J r a I n ) m . e T D c h e h e v a s e n e lo i s a p m l m lo s e w a n r t f e le M x o e i u b c t i h l l i i t a n y n e i i d n s m b re y ( a C T c h h D e in M g K ) y e a o m n t d o isJsoioinnt reduction targets by creating a tradable commodity: CO2 t be h y m a c i t s h p s a r io o nn n m e s o l i t r n e e g s d p u s r c u iv t s i a o t t a n e i - n c s a r e b e c d l t e o i t r d . i e T n v h v e e e l s o C t p m D m e M e n n t t i s i i n n at o d f e i e n v m a e n l i o s c s p ia i in o l g n m s c e o rc e u h d n a u tr n c ie i t s i s o m n pt hr eo ijre cKt ysowt oh iPl er oot of fceor il ntga ri gn ed tuss. t Tr i ah lei z pe rdojgeocvt se rhnamv ee nt tos bcer ecdei tr tai fgi eadi nbsyt twhoeuUl dNoFcCc Cu rCa na ynwd amy ui sn t tbh ee ai nb saed nd ci t ei oonf ttoh ea ncye rrtei fdi eudc tpi oronj et chia. tl n dustrialized countries3) may use the certified emission w rim e i d t p h u l e c K m t y io o e n t n o s t P ( p C r r o o Ej t e o R c c ) t o s f l r o t t a h m r a g t t eh r t e e s d s . u e W c p e it r ho e j J m e I c i , s t s i s n di t o o u n s cs t o r o in a r t l r i r z ib e e u m d te o c v t o o e u c n c o a tr r m i b e p s ol n i c a n a c n e fermo mi s stihoen sa trme od su pc ht i oenr euinni t os t h( Ee Rr sUi sg )n. aTt ohrey Ec oRuUnst r igeesn ienr ar et et udr nb yt oJr I ipnrgo j tehcei i rc ao nw bn ee mu si sesdi obnys tthaer gsept os nusnodr ei nrgt hceo uKnyt roi et os Pt or owt ao rcdosl . mA eJeI t pprl aonj eı cwi , i ttho ra emx aomr ep leef,f i cmi ei gn ht tcionmv obl ivnee dr ehpel aact i nagn da pcoowa el - rf i rpel da npı o. wMeors t tJrI apnrsoi tj ieocnt as l aerceoenxopme icet se,dt ot or et axkaemppl laec, eE ians ti nedr nu sEt rui ar ol pc eo .u Tn thr ei e s w i t h ifni nt de ntthi oe n moof set meicsos ni oonms i ct raal dl yi nsge ni ss itbol ea l wl oawy st hoef pmr iev ea tt ei n gs ercetdour ct toi o n commitments. The EU's Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading and National Allocation Plans tTi oh ne a lE tUr a' sd iEnmg i ss ys si ot en ms Tt roar dCi nOg2 Se mc hi sesmi oen s( EiTnSt )h ei swt hoer l dtirasni di nitse r n a l da o i u mw c e e e r d e c m a o t s i s h t s . e i i o l t p n h in s a g s o f E b g U e r c e m o e m e n m e h o b th u e e s r e s E t g U a a t 's e s s p i n a r ic n e h c ni i e e p r v a g l e y i - n c s o in t m t r e u p m n li s a e i n v n c e t e t a o a n r t d e tpoocwo el rt asr egcetto tros r at nh ed , pme or i roed n2o0t 0a 8b -l y2, 0t 1o2m. iet ectotvheer sE sUo' sm Ke y1o2t o, 0 P0 0r o si nesnt at i lnl agt i aolnmso (spt ohwael tr ogfeEn ue rr oa pt i oe n' s pCl aOn2 t se ma ni sds iionndsu. sTt rhi ees )Nraetpi or en a l Allocation Plans (NAPs) determine the total quantity of CO2 deimstiisnsgiuoisnhs bfoetrwmeeenmtbweor ssteactteosrsa: re a l l owed to a d m i t . NAPs t 4T0h -e5 t0r apdeirncge snet cotfotrh: e! hri se sspeecct toi vr ei scroeusnptor yn' ss i bt ol et atloCr , Oo n a v e r a g e , 2 emissions. t The non-trading sector: this sector represents CO 2 of the order 50-60 percent- associated with the geenmeisraslionsE a cphu bml i ce m( cbaerrs ,stdaotem me sut isct edmi v ii sdsei oi tnssC, eOt e . ) . 2 emissions, set by NE TASP st otrr at hdei n gtirssei ct rtaodr , i nbgy pt heer i ondu m( 2b0e0r5otfop2l a0n0t7s) .c oTvheer ei ddebayi st hteh a t member states limit CO2 emissions from the energy and industrial ss ec ac rt oc ri tsy , t hsroo ut hgaht tah ef u an lcl ot i coanti inogn mo fa rakl leotwcaannc ed es ,v et hl oe pr e abnydc or evaetri an lgl ealmloiwssainocnessbien rtehdeutcreadd.inAg smeecmtobrebrys: tate can increase emission t sReecdt ou rc. i nTgh egsr ee ewn oh ou luds ei n cgl au sd ee mt r iasnssi op no sr t iwn ht hi ceh nr eo np r- tersaedni nt sg 2 1 � ENERJi & KOJENERASYON D0NYASI -KASIM ı ARALIK 2005 "AB'ye Giriş Sürecinde Türkiye'de Kojenerasyon-Yeni Gelişmeler"•� --========----=:.:..:.::...:::.:...:...:.:::.:.::..:.::::.=:.:....:.:=�:::.=::..:..:..:.::..::::�.:..:.+-6-1
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