c wm o i e n m n d p t f l m e a x r a m y th s e a . v n M e i a n n y s b t p e a e ll mo a p t o i l o r e e n a i r n e iannvdolved in the development decision-making processes: t e he building's owner, the n t e cet ,r gt hy es su ipt ep l ime ra, nthaegearr, cthhie The Spiral flügel turbine building's users and also the people working and living in ty of the building. Currently, the differences in local, regitohneavl iacnin d i national regulations hamper quick ai nnt dr o tdhueci tri ocnl i eannt ds . fTohr mi s ai s hpeaar vt l yy wd uoer ktloo at dh ef of ar cbtotthhamt samn uaflal cwt iunrde r s a tu p r p b r ines are a new phenomenon in the built environment and opriate regulation has not been settled completely. Present regulations for small turbines are far less detailed than for large tuusreb di n, eosr. l oTchaelr ea fuot rheo, rei t ii tehse ri mr pe gr ouvl ai st ieo nasn df ocr i tl ai zregneswmi nady tsuhr boiontefsr oamr e the hip at plans for new urban turbines. b r T e u h s i e l e d a uin r s c g e h s o , i n f s ta s o f m e b a u a l i l n l d ud i r nb s g a im n a p s tl u p e r e b m ci t n o s e u , s n s t u c in c a h g n a a b n s e d n s o u a p i r s c p e h o i p t r e t r e o c d t p u a gr g a re a l a ti t o ly n b in y ianntedgrreagtiuolna,tiaonnsd fboyr tthuerbdineeveplloapcmemenetnot.f clear product standards Wind turbulence: a blessing in disguise A key technological issue for urban turbines is the turbulence tpurrebsuel ennt ci ne ,t hoef twe ni nadss garreoautnadsb2u5i l%d i nogfst haen dw io t h e r o b j e c t s . T h i s nd speed, can be both the attractive aspect and the difficult engineering issue for urban wind turbines. ■ The presence of high buildings and turbulent winds can offer certain advantages: there is no need tor high masts, and the turbulence can make up tor the losses of wind speed over land, causes by uneven ground. ■ As manufacturers know and every pedestrian can experience, ws pi nede dp raonf idl eds i raercotui onnds .b uTihl disi ncgasussheos wt hlea rtguer bvi naer i at toi otnusr ni na twrianpdi d l y changing speeds, and forces it constantly to change orientation toou tf op lul ot wb utthael swoi ni nd c. rTehaissensotthoendl yy nnaemg ai ct i vl oeal yd ,a cf f ae ucst si ntgh ef aet ingeureg, y wears, noise and damage to installation. Demands made of the eh leeacvt ri ei cra. lSi no smt ea l ltautri ob ni n ea nt ydpceosn ut rsoel mn oeicshy aanei sr omdsy w i l l a l s o b e namic brakes at high wind speeds, making them unusable near houses or office buildings. However, the presence of high buildings and turbulent winds can tohf ef e rt ucr eb rut laei nn caed cv aa nn t amgaekse: tuhpe rf oe r i st h ne ol onseseeds toofr wh ii ng dh smpaeset ds , oavnedr land, causes by uneven ground. Wind catchers and wind sharers A study of building types and heights using aerial photos carried ob uu itl dbiyn gE ct yopf yess ,atnhdr eDe eol fft wUhni icvhe rasriet yboefsTt escuhi tneodl otg y , i d e n t i f i e d f i v e or so-called urban turbines. The building types have been given names such as Bulldlog lype r r r r ., r ' � �ti 'Wind t'archer ' □ rn r::ı:,�·� Wiııdcoltttıor bulldlng wlnd ctıanges ıurbulence lmportance helghl speed in wlnd ol dlreclion aeıthellcs ��6]6][a �ijlbJI�RSJ 'WındsJııo,,.,· ���ijJ[� nm □1� ��[i][i]� -□............. □·w..___._ ;;_:.�, �6I�l�[i] 'lf'ııtddrt'aMt:r ' Characterisation of buildings for wind energy suitability. �'Kaebffc��r· and 'wind sharer' to illustrate their effect on wind speed. The wind catcher is very well suited for urban turl;>ines, because of its height and relatively free windflow. A horizontal caoxiusldmwaocrhkintei like, for example, the Lagerwey EXPO turbine ne here. The wind collector is a somewhat lower building, suffering from surface roughness and higher turbulence in h he e te r a e n r , i s n a it g y ls ) . o o A f b s s e u p c r e a r c o ui u s a n e lly d i ti d n s e g lo s p w ig e e n o r e p d h le e u. i g r T b h h a t e n o t u t h u t i s r rd b t i hn b e e u i t w l u d r o i b n u i g n ld t e y b i p n e e s n w i e g e e hl d t l e (a d n d sbuuiitl de idn gi ss t ihne i tws ivnidc i snhi tay r. eHr ,i gwh hsi cphe ehdass, tbou'ts ah lasroe ' htihgeh wt ui nr bdu wl eint hc e pcaronmbiesifound there. The buildings and locations that are most ng in the short term can be found in industrial areas and wo fhf i icceh pdaermk sa, nwd sh eor ne nb ou ii lsdei npgrso douf cmt i eo nd i ua mn d hvei isguhat l anruei ssai tnucaet eadr ea n d gen otheerraplulyblliocwbeuriltdhinagnsinmraeysiadlesnotisael areas. Schools, hospitals and rve as a starting ground for thhigehseern) eawndtubrabsinicess.hJaupdeg, isnogmfreomhutheir height (7.5 meters and ndred thousand buildings in the Netherlands could potentially be suited to the installation of ECOGENERATION WORLD 163
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