especially co-production of hydrogen is of interest, modular IGCC concepts for in-refinery energy and hydrogen supply are investigated in an EC-funded development program, where again Elcogas is one of the involved partners. As part of IGCC plant concepts with pre-combustion capture of CO2 gas turbines will be faced with the required use of high hydrogen-content syngas. The resulting burner evelopment effort for hydrogen-rich fuels is part of a larger EC-funded integrated projeci on enhanced capture of CO2. On the other hand overall IGCC plant concepts with CO2 removal need to be carefully evaluated based on the available operational experience with existing coal-based plants to identify the potential for optimisation and reduction of plant complexity which has direct influence on investment costs and availability. The related work is part of a program which is funded by the German Ministry for Economics and Labour. Details of the two programs focused on CO2-free IGCC power plants (ENCAP and COORIVA) were already presented in separate papers, one of that at the Power-Gen Europe 2005 Conference in Milan. The two programs, ENCAP and COORIVA (see Table 1), can be considered to be part of the vision for a zero emission IGCC power plant (ZEIGCC). For the ENCAP program work was already started at the beginning of 2004. The main targets are elaboration of technical concepts and techno-economic facts for plants based on hard coal, brown coal and natura! gas. Part of this program is alsa the development of a gas turbine burner for the combustion of hydrogen-rich fuel gases. The COORIVA projeci was started by mid of 2005 and is focussed on a detailed analysis of the week points of commercial plants in a joint effort e.g. with plant operators. After an evaluation of the results the findings are intended to be implemented into a "robust" IGCC plant concept. After ENCAP and COORIVA, where also utilities as e.g. RWE have a leading role, the construction and operation ofa ZEIGCC demonstration plant must be the final commercial verification step tor the technology. A possible roadmap tora ZEIGCC plant commissioning in 2014 is shown in Fig. 2. 041 051 06 07 os, 09 1, 11 1 1 1 CQ1.frce Powor Planı 15" 1 ■ ENCAP (SP 2) r Proooss .ınd Oomo dcveıopmont LI_ 1 COORIVA Development ofcompclllıveZEtGCCconcepts 1 Projoct dove1opmenlofademonstratıon plant usı ng 9 C02sequosıratıon 1 Dectsioo makıng fOf demonstraııon planı d ı Earlıost possıbi e decısıon onconsıructıonof f ZEIGCC ı e=ı�..�� t��lrucııon 1 C01 Storago ı ldcntıfic.:ıtıon of possıble sıtes r 1 1 ı Sıtc evaıuatıon and test drılıng ı Plooline contn.ıctıon l Commluloning ZEIGCC domonstration planı 1 - and C01 lnjectlon Fig. 2: Possible roadmap towards ZEIGCC MAKALE / ARTICLE This vısıon now comes closer to reality as RWE recently announced plans to build a gasification-based CO2-free power plant including CO2 storage. From today's point view this plant could come on stream in 2014 if planni ng and implementation proceed smoothly. Conclusions A broad range of experience is available today from operational IGCC plants which torms the basis for further development efforts and improvement of plant performance and economics. Future co-production or poly-generation options are expected to support improvement and optimisation of economics. lntegration of IGCC plant operators' experience and the view of present and potential future users of this technology in development activities supports customer-oriented improvements and optimisation. Standardisation is stili considered as a major task which needs to be addressed for future IGCC plants to pave the way for widespread application, not only for refinery-based solutions. For generation of only power with coal-based IGCC plants there are in general no real incentives visible yet for applications in Europe compared with conventional steam planı technology. But under specific conditions as e.g. low emission requirements in combination with use of cheap but pollutant-rich coal/waste fuel mixtures IGCC can be an interesting option. Future needs tor capture and sequestration of CO2 are expected to support application of gasification-based solutions tor coal plants. IGCC will become attractive due to the technological advantages of the pre-combustion decarbonisation approach. With the funded ENCAP and COORIVA programs two important development projects have been started for the necessary further development of IGCC technology. A concluding operation of a ZEIGCC demonstration plant with capture plus storage must be the final verification step. This vision now comes closer to reality as RWE recently announced plans to build a gasification-based C02-free power plant including CO2 storage. From today's point view this plant could come on stream in 2014 if planning and implementation proceed smoothly. Near term refinery-related applications are seen as a commercially viable potential market for IGCC power plants in combination with hydrogen co-production. Drivers for these applications are plans for refinery modernisations and extensions where power is considered as a by-product. 41 ENERJi DÜNYASI EKiM 2006 79
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