Tur6w's new CFBs have cut the plant's emissions dramatically. Now when the project is fınished, SOx emissions are 87,000 t/a lower than before, NOx emissions are 5,220 t/a lower, and particulates are down 36.500 t/a. in addition to the CFB repowering project, the Tur6w plant has also installed desulfurisation equipment and low-NOx burners in its other PC boilers. Seven measurement stations are installed in the surrounding area today, monitoring emission levels continuously and sending data both to the power plant and to the state authorities. Following the closure of old capacity in Germany and the commissioning of new, cleaner plants in Poland, and improvements in the Czech Republic, the 'Black Triangle' has ceased to exist. The Tur6w power plant received the Polish Ecology Leader Prize in recognition of its environmental achievements in 2002, and the 'White Tiger Laurels' in the fıeld of technical and ecological retrofıts in 2004. Ten years after the project started, the area can now justifıably daim to be the 'Green Triangle'. 1. lntroduction Elektrownia Tur6w was originally built in the I950s and 1960s. The fırst of six units, rated at 200 MWe, was commissioned in 1 962, that Tur6w quickly became the largest power project in Europe. The second phase of the plant was completed in 1 97 1 , with another four units, bringing total capacity to 2,000 MWe. The oldest units exceeded 200,000 hours of operation at the beginning of the I990s, and all equipment, primarily boilers, turbines, and piping was largely life-expired, opening up the danger ofserious breakdowns . Plant efficiency was also declining. To avoid shutting down units after 1995, the plant decided to launch a rehabilitation project. After extensive consideration of fuel issues, size of fuel source, and combustion technology, CFB technology was chosen as the best technology to ensure the standards of effıciency and environmental performance required. The modernization project started in 1 995. The fırst phase covered the rehabilitation of Units I and 2, and these were.commissioned in 1 998. The second-phase, covering Unit 3, was commissioned in April 2000. Units 4-6 of the third phase were commissioned in March 2003, February 2004, and December 2004. The project has been profıled on a number of occasions, and the intention here is to provide a summary of the entire modernization project and present operational experience from the plant's six CFB boilers. in the fırst and second -phase of the project, three old 200 MWe (Units 1 , 2, and 3) pulverized brown coal-fıred boilers were replace with circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers rated at 235 MWe. The boilers were ofa conventional design, featuring circular hot cyclone separators with heavy refractory lining. To minimize maintenance needs and simplify the overall design, Foster Wheeler introduced its Compact design for the other three boilers, replacing the traditional cyclones with a cooled, rectangular solids separators. This change was driven both by general technological progress and experience gained with the fırst three units. The Compact design was already a proven solution, but its use in Tur6w represents the largest implementation to date. The Tur6w boilers also incorporate another Foster Wheeler innovation, the INTREX™ superheater. Using the Compact design, it was possible to increase the output of each new unit (4-6) to 261 .6 MWe from the 235 MWe specified for the fırst three units, while stili remaining in the same footprint as the old 200 Mwe boilers. Following the handover of Unit 6 th, in December 2004, Elektrownia Tur6w is the now world's largest utility-size power plant employing CFB technology, with a!most 1,500 MWe of installea capacity. 2. Project Financiııg and Phasing The start of the rehabilitation project was tied to the fınancing developed for the project. This was based an agreement between the plant, its creditors, and the Polish grid operator (PSE S.A.), designed to generate a sufficient level of piant revenue through a long-term energy contract. A consortium of Polish and international banks initially granted USD 363 million to cover the costs of modernizing the oldest units, 1 and 2. ♦ ENERJi DÜNYASI MAYIS 20071 "Enerj di e Sürdür iliebili� ikve Küresel eşme: Verimlliik, Em si yonlar, Yeni P yi asa Oluşumlan" -======--"================1----6-1-
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