Summaries ditorial ------------------------------------------------------- 2 Since Sultan Resat, Our Country Could Not Be Saved From Power Shortages (2) In the !ast issue of your magazine "Enerji Dunyasi" we have started a new series of write up. Toclay we are very much pleased of submitting the second artide of this serie. Combined Cycle Gas Firing Plants Combined eyde gas fıring plants are in operation since 1930 in USA and since 1960 in Europe. In Turkey, d1e subject design and technology is used in Hamitabat Power Plant. Since the performance of first 600 l\ıIW was successful, the plant is extended to 1200 M\XI after first year of operation. After commissioning of the extendecl part, Turkey stopped importing Electricit:y from Bulgaria. Od1er combined eyde plants (Ambarlı-1350 M\'(/, Bursa-1400 MW) followed Hamitabat, almost 50 cities enjoyed with the benefits of natura! gas. IPP operators were happy with d1e respectively lower gas cost, industrial entrepreneurs were reducing their energy costs and inhabitants in the cities, were happy wid1 d1e dean air of their atmosphere. How Things Have Changed Suddenly? Since March 2004, BOTAS has started co increase d1e price of natura! gas. BOTAS increased gas prices 46% in 2004, 38% in 2005 and 12% in 2006. At the end of year 2006 gas price reached to 35 cent/m3 whilest it was only 16 cent/m3 in 2004. Is Happiness Period Over? Gas prices were not changing only in Turkey. They were also changing in USA and Europe. Since electricity tariff has not been changed since 4 years, autoproducers could not resist anymore to 100% increased fuel cost. They reduced d1eir capacities down to their own requirement in electricity and heat in their factories. On d1e od1er hand, electriciı:y price increased from 5,5 Eurocent/ kwh to 9,2 Eurocent/kwh in Europe (average of EU 25) (Eurostatt, June 2007) Low electricity price stopped power investments in Turkey. Public sector did not build power plants due to restrictions of Law No 4628. At d1e end of ıne day, electriciı:y shorcage appeared in the country. According to our analyses in power supply/demancl balance, shortage of 3500 Gwh in 2007, 16000 Gwh in 2008, 29000 Gwh in 2009 and 36000 Gwh in 2010 seems unavoidable. 60 ENERJi DÜNYASI KASIM 2007 To meet the shorted electricity, d1e most realizable option is Combined Cırde Gas Firing Plants or Cogeneration Plants. Because: ■ Their construction time is short (3 years) ■ Investınents cost is respectively lower. Is d1e construction of a middle size combined eyde plant feasible? \Xle can see below, how feasible it, assuming drnt plant eyde efficiency is 58%: ■ Natura! gas cost for 1 kwh Electricity production ............................................ 6,37 cent/kwh ■ Unit investment cost (finance cost induded) ........................................... 1,00 cent/bvh ■ Operation cost ....................................................... 0,30 cent/kwh ■ Maintenance cost .................................................... 0,40 cent/kwh Total Unit Production Cost .................................. 8,07 cent/kwh ■ Transmission and distribution fee (appr.)..............1,50 cent/kwh ■ Transmission losses (8,07x0,06) ............................ 0,48 cent/kwh Production+Trans. cost up to eligible customer....10,05 cent/kwh If 10% profıt is targeted, Electricity sale price with 10% profit is becoming 11,00 cent. That means, today's tariff of Electricity (9,0 cent/kwh) should be increased not less than 22 percent. Kind Regards, ews ----------------------------------------------------------- 8 BP and Spanish Iberdrola are waiting for the wind Yusuf Günay, ıne President of d1e Energy Market Regulatory Aud1ority, announced that global energy giants BP and Spanish Iberdrola have applied for a pennission to build a windmill wid1 an installed capacity of 2000 megawatts. Negotiations between Iran and IAEA are in progress A technical team from International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) visited Iran to carry out negotiations. According to the Iranian State Television, the issue of Pl and P2 centrifuges continued to dominate the negotiations. The two parties negotiated the same issue on September 24-25'" ancl October 9-1 1 '"· The scope of responsibility should be expanded Tynclall Centre raises the following question in its report: "Should countries worry about the carbon emissions widun d1eir own borders or shoulcl the emissions that inclirecdy result from the
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTcyMTY=