TABLE 1. LandfiU sumnıarv Landfill / distance from NDSP Notcs on resource Bismarck landfıll / Bismarck 7167 tonnes/year Mandan landfıll / 8-16 km. From NDSP 4536 tonnes/vear County landfıll / 146 km. -Glenham, SD 544 tonnes/year can segregate and grind The proximate-ultimate analysis results show that the wood and wood chip samples are characterized by a significantly lower moisture and ash content than the lignite coal, along with a much higher volatile matter content. Lower moisture results in a 16-20% higher heating value tor the biomass fuels than tor the lignite coal. This, along with the lower ash content makes them attractive as fuels. Mercer County / 80 kın. - Stanton, ND N/A $ 2 1/tonııe tipping fee McDaniel landfill / 160 km. - Sawyer, ND Quantitiv not recorded Jahner Sanitation / 96 km. - Linton, ND Not contracted City ofDickinson landfıll / 160 km. Estimated 2722 tonnes/year City ofJamestown landfıll / 160 km. Estimated 2722 tonnes/year CityofMinot landfıll / 160 km. Estimated 2722 tonnes/year an economically viable fuel resource tor the NDSP. The data suggests that there is approximately 27.200 tonnes/year of wood available within the zone around Bismarck. This number is based on actual conversations with landfills, tree services, municipal waste haulers and commercial industry. The amount of material !hat was confirmed by specific sources within !he immediate Bismarck area, such as tree services and industry, was 7258 tonnes/year. Boiler Thermal load Steam ,......... _.., Steam turbines Steam .__ _--iconditioning FIGURE 1 : Layout of cogeneration system (biomass/lignite piant) This amount was eslimated by the specific haulers through telephone interviews and is considered a conservative approximation of the amount of material we could expect to be delivered to the NDSP. Other dala supporting these estimates was gathered from local landfills and summarized in Table 1. Task 2 - fuel handling issues Task 2 was initiated upon the completion of Task 1. ünce the most promising fuel resource was idenlified !he design of !he fuel handling system could be completed. The kick off of !his !ask included input provided by the potential fuel suppliers, since a handling and receiving site would be required. Figure 1 shows the basic layout. The design philosophy is summarized in Table 2. Task 3 - fireside issues Fireside issues are defineci as the implications of fuel combustion on boiler maintenance. Fireside issues relative to the NDSP and utility-scale systems were addressed in !his task through characterizalion of fuel components, modeling and bench-scale testing. The bulk ash chemistry of the two wood fuels differs significantly, with the tree wood having high levels of calcium, potassium and phosphorus with little silica, alumina or iron, while the wood chips contains a greater amount of silica than the lignite, with comparable alumina and iron levels. The wood chips alsa have a moderately higher level of potassium. Both the tree wood and wood chips contain substantially less sulphur than the lignite coal. The high calcium and potassium levels, combined with the sulphur in the lignite, may form TABLE 2. Design philosophv Requirement Result Most promising biomass choice Municipal woody residue based on cost, quantitiy, quality, consisting ofcut trees, chips, availabiJity and reliability sawdust, edgings, pallets, C&D debris One week offuel receiving Large outdoor pile storage, capacity and some indoor surge storage Efficient load transfer and heavy Site plan was arranged for truck traflic flow easy dump access and oneway through-site traffic, with access from any outside direction Minimal on-site sorting/some Outdoors storage piles can be required/manual labour can be sorted manually; however utilized at low costs efforts to pre-segregate materials on behalf ofthe municipal haulers will have to be implemented to minimize unwanted materials Screening CBI quarter-inclı screen for removing fines prior to the hammermill. Oversize material that cannot feed the hammermill will be reduced witlı chainsaws. No oversize screen is required after the hammermill Metal seperation Three locations are provided for pulley magnets prior to the hammermill, at tbe discharge ofthe hammermill conveyor, and at the discharge into tlıe drver Low intensity drying Indoor storage ofone-day capacity is provided for airdrying and a continuous dryer with the potential for using hot flue gas is provided. Fuel conveying to boiler Rapat cleated belt konveyors and augers are specified Fuel stoking for wood A Detroit dual-fuel stoker is clıips/blending control with coal specified. PLC logic wi,11 provide settings for automatically controlled blend ratios Ash handling for biomass A Detroit hydrograte is specifıed ECOGENERATION WORLD �
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